Individual Allergen - PARASITES

This test checks for antibodies to Echinococcus, a tapeworm parasite that can cause an infection known as hydatid disease (echinococcosis). People can become infected through contact with infected dogs or other animals, or through contaminated food or water, and the infection can form slow-growing cysts, most often in the liver or lungs, sometimes over many years. This test detects the body's antibody response to the parasite.

What it is used for

• Investigating suspected hydatid disease, particularly where imaging has found a cyst that could be caused by this parasite
• Assessing possible exposure, for example after travel to or living in areas where the parasite is more common, or after close contact with dogs or livestock in those settings
• Supporting diagnosis alongside imaging and your clinical history

An important note on interpretation

This test detects antibodies, which indicate that the immune system has responded to the parasite. A positive result suggests infection or past exposure, but it is always interpreted alongside imaging (such as an ultrasound or CT scan) and your symptoms and history, as antibody tests can sometimes give false positive or false negative results. A negative result does not completely rule out infection, particularly in the early stages or with cysts in certain locations. Any result should be discussed with your GP or a specialist, who can interpret it in context and arrange any further investigation needed.

Why it matters

Hydatid disease can develop slowly and quietly over many years, so identifying it is valuable, as it can be treated with medication and, in some cases, other procedures. This test provides useful supporting information where the infection is suspected, helping to guide diagnosis and appropriate care alongside imaging and specialist assessment.