Hepatitis C PCR Test | Viral Load (HCV RNA)

The Hepatitis C RNA Test is a direct viral detection test used to confirm whether hepatitis C virus (HCV) is currently present in the bloodstream. It is typically requested following a reactive hepatitis C antibody screen, or for monitoring people at higher risk of infection, including those with a history of injecting drug use, recipients of blood products before screening was introduced, healthcare workers following needlestick exposure, and individuals with abnormal liver function tests of unknown cause. It may also be used to assess viral clearance before and after treatment.

What it screens for

• Hepatitis C virus RNA (HCV RNA): Detects the genetic material of the hepatitis C virus, providing a direct indication of current infection. A positive result confirms active viraemia, while a negative result indicates that the virus is not currently detectable.

Why it matters

Hepatitis C is often asymptomatic for many years while quietly causing progressive liver inflammation, fibrosis, and in some cases cirrhosis or liver cancer. Identifying active infection is the essential first step towards curative antiviral treatment, which is now highly effective for the majority of people. A clear, direct answer about whether the virus is present allows you and your clinician to make timely, informed decisions about your liver health and next steps.