Hepatitis C Antibody Test (Anti-HCV)

Hepatitis C is a blood-borne viral infection that can remain silent for years while quietly damaging the liver. This test screens for antibodies produced by the immune system in response to the hepatitis C virus (HCV), using a validated immunoassay technique. It is suitable for anyone who may have been exposed to the virus, including people who have injected drugs, received blood products or organ transplants before screening became routine, undergone medical or dental procedures in regions with higher HCV prevalence, or shared personal items such as razors or toothbrushes with an infected person. It is also commonly requested as part of occupational health clearance, pre-employment screening, and sexual health assessments.

What the test screens for

• Hepatitis C antibodies (anti-HCV): Detects antibodies directed against HCV, indicating current or past infection. A reactive result does not confirm active infection on its own and is typically followed by confirmatory testing such as HCV RNA PCR to determine whether the virus is still present.

Why it matters

Hepatitis C is a leading cause of chronic liver disease, cirrhosis, and liver cancer, yet most people who carry the virus have no symptoms for many years. Early detection allows timely referral, monitoring, and access to highly effective antiviral treatments that can cure the infection in the vast majority of cases. Screening also helps prevent onward transmission and supports safer clinical and occupational environments.