Gastric Function Panel 4

The Gastric Function Panel 4 is a focused blood test that assesses the health and function of the gastric mucosa, the lining of the stomach. It is particularly useful for individuals with chronic indigestion, a history of Helicobacter pylori infection, pernicious anaemia, or a family history of gastric cancer. The test measures two key biomarkers, Pepsinogen I and Pepsinogen II, along with their calculated ratio, to provide insight into gastric acid secretion and mucosal integrity.

Biomarkers explained

• Pepsinogen I (PG1): An enzyme precursor produced mainly by the chief cells in the stomach's corpus and fundus. Low levels can indicate atrophy of the gastric mucosa, a condition that may precede gastric cancer.
• Pepsinogen II (PG2): Produced by chief cells throughout the stomach and by mucous neck cells. It is also found in the duodenum and other tissues. Levels can rise in response to inflammation or H. pylori infection.
• Pepsinogen I/II ratio (calculated): The ratio of PG1 to PG2 is a sensitive marker for atrophic gastritis. A low ratio (typically below 3.0) is associated with extensive mucosal atrophy and an increased risk of gastric cancer.

This panel is analysed using a validated immunoassay technique to ensure accurate and reliable results.

Why it matters

Gastric cancer often develops silently, and can help identify changes that may need further investigation by your doctor; not a screening test for cancer. By identifying signs of atrophic gastritis or other mucosal changes, this panel can help your doctor assess your risk, recommend appropriate follow-up, and guide preventive strategies. It offers a non-invasive way to gain valuable insight into your gastric health.